2

Speaking

Question 1: In groups, discuss the issues suggested in the box below. Then prepay re a speech of about two minutes on the following topic. (First make notes for your speech in writing.)

True liberty is freedom from poverty, deprivation and all forms of discrimination.

Answer:

Notes

Causes of poverty and means to overcome it.

>      Illiteracy

>      Unemployment

>      Population Growth

>      Unavailability of proper source of income

Discrimination based on gender, religion, class, etc.

>      Attitude towards superiority & inferiority

>      Communal disharmony

>      Creates hatred and ill-will

>      Strict observance of equal rights

Constitutionally guaranteed human rights.

>      Equal opportunity of employment and education

>      Equality before law

>      No discrimination of caste, colour, etc.

>      Banning child labor

Speech

Freedom from Deprivation, Poverty and different form of Discrimination leads to true Liberty. Dear Friends,

According       to     me,  the   true  liberty     is     freedom   from        deprivation,     poverty    and  all    types        of discrimination. Now, I am placing my ideas and hope you will be attentive peacefully.

True liberty is not only the freedom from poverty, deprivation or discrimination, but it also includes liberty of education as well as equality before law. We know that poverty is a curse as it disturbs the peace and tranquility of the family. Sometime, it creates lots of trouble in our life. It becomes troublesome for one to provide all chances of accommodation, education, food, jobs, etc. In deprivation one is denied of enjoying his proper benefits. If someone is refused to take admission in some professional institution just because of caste, color or religion, etc. The personality and freedom of the person is affected too much for future. Our constitution guarantees equality of education as well as employment without any difference. Everyone knows that deprivation and discrimination give birth to despise, ill-will and hatred.

Writing

Question I: Looking at Contrasts

Nelson Mandela’s writing is marked by balance: many sentences have two parts in balance. Use the following phrases to complete the sentences given below.

1. It requires such depths of oppression

2.     Courage was not the absence of fear

3.     The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid

4. If people can learn to hate

5. I was not born with a hunger to be free.

Answer I:

1.     It requires such depths of oppression to create such heights of character.

2.     Courage was not the absence of fear but the triumph over it.

3. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid but he who conquers that fear.

4.     If people can learn to hate they can be taught to love.

5.     I was not born with a hunger to be free. I was born free.

Question II:

This text repeatedly contrasts the past with the present or the future. We can use coordinated clauses to contrast two views, for emphasis or effect. Given below are sentences carrying one part of the contrast. Find in the text the second part of the contrast, and complete each item. Identify the words which signal the contrast. This has been done for you in the first item.

1. For decades the Union Buildings had been the seat of white supremacy, and now...

2.     Only moments before, the highest generals of the South Africa n defense force and police ...saluted me and pledged their loyalty...not so many years before they would not have saluted    _

3.     Although that day neither group knew the lyrics of the anthem ..., they would soon      _

4.     My country is rich in the minerals and gems that lie beneath its soil,        _

5.     The Air Show was not only a display of pinpoint precision and military force, but   _

6. It was this desire for the freedom of my people ... that transformed        into a bold one that drove -----to become a criminal that turned -----into a man without a home.

Answer II:

1. For decades the Union Buildings had been the seat of white supremacy, and now it was the site of a rainbow gathering of different colors and nations for the installation of South Africa's first and non-racial government.

2. Only moments before, the highest generals of the South African defense force and police ...saluted

Me and pledged their loyalty... not so many years before they would not have saluted but arrested me.

3.     Although that day neither group knew the lyrics of the anthem they once despised, they would

Soon know the words by heart.

4.     My country is rich in the minerals and gems that lie beneath its soil, I have always known that its greatest wealth is its people.

5.     The Air Show was not only a display of pinpoint precision and mile tarry force, but a demonstration of the military's loyalty to democracy.

6.     It was this desire for the freedom of my people to live their lives with dignity and self-respect that animated my life that transformed a frightened young man into a bold one that drove a law abiding attorney to become a criminal that turned a family loving husband into a man without a home.

Question III: Expressing Your Opinion

Do you think there is color prejudice cue in our own country? Discuss this with your friend and write a paragraph of about 100 to 150 words about this. You have the option of making your paragraph a humorous one. (Read the short verse given below.)

When you were born you were pink When you grew up you became white When you are in the sun you are red When you are sick you are yellow When you are angry you are purple When you are shocked you are grey

And you have the cheek to call me 'colored'.

Answer III:

Color Prejudice and India

India is free from color prejudice. Everyone is free to get education, employment, accommodation, etc. anywhere in in dia. everyone can adopt facility of propagation and religion irrespective of one's color. Indian constitution provides equal rights to all Indian without any discrimination. If a North Indian arrives in Kerala, he has the equal opportunities like the native. He cannot be denied to board a bus, train or any other means of transport. Our constitution provides full protection to every Indian.

Everyone can be settled in any part of India. A person of one state can marriage in other state or can live permanently in other state irrespective of caste, color or religion.